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Devotion and Protection in Islam dea???????? w????????h ha????d-wr????????????e???? do????ume???????????? ???????? ????????ro???????? forma???? da????????????g from ????he 14????h–19????h ????e????????ur????e????. ????he examp????e???? pre????e????????ed here der????ve from var????ou???? geograph???????? ????o????????ex????????: a. ????he ????r????a????g????e ????e????wee???? ????he ????????????????e???? of ????a????r????z, Ko????ya a????d Baghdad; ????. ????he Per????????a????a????e wor????d; ????. ????he O????????oma???? Emp????re. ????he????e ????????ro???????????? were appre????????a????ed ????y mem????er???? of d????ffere???????? a????????o????????a????????o???????? (Männerbünde; e.g. Sufi order????, Futuwwa a????d Aḫī group????). ????h???????? ????????udy a????a????y- ????e???? ????he????r ????ex????ua???? a????d or????ame????????a???? vo????a????u????ary. A????????de from Qura???????????? pa????????age????, ????he ????op????ed ????ex???????? mo????????????y ????ompr????????e prayer???? a????d o????her p????ou???? ma????er????a????. Cer????a???????? fea????ure???? ????ugge???????? ????ha???? ????u????h ????????ro???????????? were of????e???? pro-du????ed ???????? he????erodox e????v????ro????me????????????. Add????????????o????a????????y, ????h???????? ????????udy u????der????????ore???? ????he h????gh ar????-h????????????or????????a???? va????ue of ????he????e do????ume????????????, wh????????h were par????????????u????ar????y appre????????-a????ed ????y mem????er???? of ????he ru????????????g e????????????e. Readership: This study addresses an audience interested in Islamic studies in general and in mysticism, magic, codicology and art history in particular.